Corn processing technology
Corn deep processing is the specific performance of optimizing the industrial structure, extending the industrial chain, increasing the added value of products, and also an important measure to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. For example, biological alcohol can be refined. Use corn as alcohol to solve the energy problem. Another example: corn germ meal, ethanol germ meal feed, corn husk spraying, corn husk, corn gluten powder, bran, etc.
technological process
Raw materials → screening → peeling and germ removal → mixing with water → molding → cooling → drying → screening → finished products → packaging
Key points of operation
(1) Material selection
Choose corns with plump kernels and plenty of cutin that are free from mildew and insects as raw materials, yellow or white corn can be used.
(2) Cleaning
Remove all kinds of impurities in corn, such as stones, iron wires, straw sticks, etc., and sieve through a 6mm diameter sieve to remove small grains of corn and soil to obtain corn with uniform grain size. It is better to use a cleaner in this process, which can not only save labor, but also obtain high-quality corn grains.
(3) Peeling and degerming
The cleaned corn shall be subject to water conditioning and soaked in hot steam or hot water above 90 ℃ for 3-5 minutes. Then use a rice milling machine or a horizontal degerming machine to crush the corn. The corn germ and skin fall off and are removed by an air separator. Corn cha is ground into fine corn flour with steel.
(4) Mixing with water
Add proper amount of water to the corn flour, and stir it evenly in the mixer for at least 15 minutes, so that the water can completely penetrate into the starch granules.
(5) Forming
This is the key process of corn rice processing. The evenly stirred corn flour is directly put into the corn rice molding machine, and then heated, extruded and shaped. At the discharge port of the extruder, rice shaped particles are continuously cut through a cutting knife. The rotation speed of the cutting knife must be adjusted properly, otherwise the corn rice is either too long or too short, and the shape of the corn rice should be similar to that of the rice.
(6) Drying
The corn rice from the molding machine still has a large water content and is easy to stick into blocks. It must be cooled to disperse the stuck rice grains, and then put into the dryer for drying. The temperature in the dryer shall be controlled at about 200 ℃, and the moisture content shall be less than 5%.
(7) Filter
Sieve with a sieve with a hole diameter of 1.5mm to remove powder, broken rice, large particles and cohesive particles, so that the rice particles are neat and uniform.
(8) Packaging
The screened corn rice shall be packed in plastic bags with quantitative packaging, and the packaging specification shall be determined according to the needs. The corn flour can be added with wheat flour, bean flour and other miscellaneous grain flour to make "nutritious rice" rich in various nutrients.